Hamman syndrome in an 18-year-old male patient.

In 1939, Hamman´s syndrome, also know as spontaneous pneumomediastinum, was characterized by the presence of pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema, and pneumorrhachis. It is believed to arise from barotrauma during vaginal labor, causing alveolar membrane rupture and subsequent air leakage. Clinical manifestations are often nonspecific. Management strategies vary based on symptom severity and complications, high-concentrations oxygen therapy promoting air absorption. We present the case of an 18-year-old male patient with a history of bronchial asthma and tobacco use, underscoring the need for heightened awareness of Hamman´s syndrome in similar cases. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to prevent or quickly address potential life-threatening complications. Diagnosing this syndrome in male patients can be particularly challenging, as it was initially associated with complications from vaginal labor, potentially leading to poorer outcomes.