American journal of preventive medicine · 2024
Incentivizing Tobacco Helpline Engagement in Persistent Poverty Counties: A Randomized Trial.
СтатьяРандомизированное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Kendzor Darla E, Davie Morgan, Chen Meng, Hart Jonathan, Frank-Pearce Summer G, Doescher Mark P, Alexander Adam C, Businelle Michael S, Ogunsanya Motolani E, Sifat Munjireen S, Boozary Laili Kharazi
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Persistent poverty counties (PPCs) are U.S. counties where ≥20% of residents have lived in poverty for ≥30 years. Cancer mortality rates in PPCs are exceptionally high due, in part, to elevated smoking rates.
STUDY DESIGN: The study used a parallel 2-group randomized controlled trial design.
SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Participants were Oklahoma Tobacco Helpline (OTH) callers from PPCs who smoked daily (N=165). Data were collected in 2022-2023.
INTERVENTION: Participants were randomized to received OTH treatment (coaching calls plus nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]) or OTH treatment + financial incentives (OTH+FI) for completing coaching calls.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Outcome measures included the number of coaching calls completed, call-contingent incentives earned, past 7-day self-reported abstinence rates, and study retention at 8- and 12-weeks post-enrollment.
RESULTS: Participants (N=165) were predominantly female (63.6%), 24.2% were racially/ethnically minoritized (18.2% single- or multi-race American Indian), and they smoked an average of 21.01 (SD=11.67) cigarettes per day. Adjusted analyses indicated that participants assigned to OTH+FI were significantly more likely than those assigned to OTH to report past 7-day abstinence at the 8-week (AOR=2.28; 95% CI=1.18, 4.48) and 12-week (AOR=2.00; 95% CI=1.03, 3.96) follow-ups when missing outcomes were considered smoking. Participants assigned to OTH+FI were more likely to complete ≥3 coaching calls (AOR=3.64; 95% CI=1.84, 7.43), and they completed more total calls (aRR=1.53; 95% CI,=1.24, 1.90) than those assigned to OTH. The number of coaching calls completed significantly mediated the relationship between treatment group assignment and abstinence at the 8- and 12-week follow-ups. Overall, study retention was >83% at the 8- and 12-week follow-ups and did not differ between groups. Statistical analyses were conducted in 2024.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the feasibility and efficacy of offering small FI for completing OTH coaching calls to increase treatment engagement and smoking cessation in PPCs.
STUDY DESIGN: The study used a parallel 2-group randomized controlled trial design.
SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Participants were Oklahoma Tobacco Helpline (OTH) callers from PPCs who smoked daily (N=165). Data were collected in 2022-2023.
INTERVENTION: Participants were randomized to received OTH treatment (coaching calls plus nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]) or OTH treatment + financial incentives (OTH+FI) for completing coaching calls.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Outcome measures included the number of coaching calls completed, call-contingent incentives earned, past 7-day self-reported abstinence rates, and study retention at 8- and 12-weeks post-enrollment.
RESULTS: Participants (N=165) were predominantly female (63.6%), 24.2% were racially/ethnically minoritized (18.2% single- or multi-race American Indian), and they smoked an average of 21.01 (SD=11.67) cigarettes per day. Adjusted analyses indicated that participants assigned to OTH+FI were significantly more likely than those assigned to OTH to report past 7-day abstinence at the 8-week (AOR=2.28; 95% CI=1.18, 4.48) and 12-week (AOR=2.00; 95% CI=1.03, 3.96) follow-ups when missing outcomes were considered smoking. Participants assigned to OTH+FI were more likely to complete ≥3 coaching calls (AOR=3.64; 95% CI=1.84, 7.43), and they completed more total calls (aRR=1.53; 95% CI,=1.24, 1.90) than those assigned to OTH. The number of coaching calls completed significantly mediated the relationship between treatment group assignment and abstinence at the 8- and 12-week follow-ups. Overall, study retention was >83% at the 8- and 12-week follow-ups and did not differ between groups. Statistical analyses were conducted in 2024.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the feasibility and efficacy of offering small FI for completing OTH coaching calls to increase treatment engagement and smoking cessation in PPCs.