A chimera antibody erythroimmunoassay for detecting HBsAg in human sera.

A highly efficient chimera antibody, a monoclonal anti-hepatitis-B-surface (anti-HBs) antibody coupled with polyclonal anti-sheep-red-blood-cell (anti-SRBC) antibody was prepared using a heterobifunctional reagent, N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithiopropionate) (SPDP). Using SRBC as a marker, we established a sensitive solid-phase chimera antibody erythroimmunoassay (CAEIA) according to Guesdon's method. The sensitivity of this assay was 2-20 times higher than the reverse passive haemagglutination assay (RPHA) for detecting HBsAg in serially diluted sera from 10 hepatitis B patients. The weakest quantity of HBsAg detected by this assay was 4.5 ng/ml, while RPHA was unable to detect less than 75 ng/ml of HBsAg. The assay was as sensitive as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and gave more accurate, reproducible and stable results than ELISA; specificity was also satisfactory.