Australian and New Zealand journal of public health · 2023
Dose-response associations between modifiable lifestyle behaviours and anxiety, depression and psychological distress symptoms in early adolescence.
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Smout Scarlett, Gardner Lauren A, Newton Nicola, Champion Katrina E
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between key modifiable lifestyle behaviours (sleep; physical activity; fruit, vegetable and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption; screen time; alcohol use and tobacco use) and mental health among early adolescents in Australia.
METHODS: Cross-sectional self-report data from 6,640 Year 7 students (Mage:12.7[0.5]; 50.6% male, 48.9% female, 0.5% non-binary) from 71 schools in New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia were analysed using multivariate linear regression adjusting for sociodemographic factors and school-level clustering.
RESULTS: All examined behaviours were associated with anxiety, depression and psychological distress (p≤0.001), with the lowest mental health symptom scores observed in participants who slept 9.5-10.5 hours per night; consumed three serves of fruit daily; consumed two serves of vegetables daily; never or rarely drank sugar-sweetened beverages; engaged in six days of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week; kept daily recreational screen time to 31-60 minutes; had not consumed a full standard alcoholic drink (past six months); or smoked a cigarette (past six months).
CONCLUSIONS: Targeting modifiable risk behaviours offers promising prevention potential to improve adolescent mental health; however, further longitudinal research to determine directionality and behavioural interactions is needed.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH: While Australian Dietary, Movement and Alcohol Guidelines target physical health, findings indicate similar behaviour thresholds may offer mental health benefits.
METHODS: Cross-sectional self-report data from 6,640 Year 7 students (Mage:12.7[0.5]; 50.6% male, 48.9% female, 0.5% non-binary) from 71 schools in New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia were analysed using multivariate linear regression adjusting for sociodemographic factors and school-level clustering.
RESULTS: All examined behaviours were associated with anxiety, depression and psychological distress (p≤0.001), with the lowest mental health symptom scores observed in participants who slept 9.5-10.5 hours per night; consumed three serves of fruit daily; consumed two serves of vegetables daily; never or rarely drank sugar-sweetened beverages; engaged in six days of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week; kept daily recreational screen time to 31-60 minutes; had not consumed a full standard alcoholic drink (past six months); or smoked a cigarette (past six months).
CONCLUSIONS: Targeting modifiable risk behaviours offers promising prevention potential to improve adolescent mental health; however, further longitudinal research to determine directionality and behavioural interactions is needed.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH: While Australian Dietary, Movement and Alcohol Guidelines target physical health, findings indicate similar behaviour thresholds may offer mental health benefits.