Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026
Daily polysubstance use associated with HIV, HCV, and non-fatal overdose among people who inject drugs: A latent class analysis using nationwide data.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Cadet Kechna, Musci Rashelle, Johnson Renee M, Flynn Colin, German Danielle, Linton Sabriya L, Group The Nhbs Study
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: This study examined how distinct patterns of polysubstance use are associated with non-fatal overdose, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and lifetime hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among persons who inject drugs (PWID).
METHODS: PWID were recruited from 23 U.S. cities for the 2018 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance. Latent class analysis was conducted using eight daily substance use indicators, including cannabis, opioid injection, cocaine-crack injection, methamphetamine injection, opioid non-injection, cocaine-crack non-injection, methamphetamine non-injection, and benzodiazepine non-injection. Associations between latent classes and sociodemographic variables, behavioral risk factors and non-fatal overdose, HIV infection, and lifetime HCV were analyzed using the R3STEP and Vermunt's 3-Step procedure.
RESULTS: In total, 11,347 PWID were included in the analysis. Four classes were determined: 1) Opioid-Only Injection (46.79%), 2) Polydrug-Polyroute (4.07%), 3) Cocaine Dominant Polyroute OSPU (35.96%), and 4) Meth Dominant Polyroute OSPU (13.18%). After adjusting for covariates (e.g., sociodemographic, psychological distress, sexual and physical violence, attending drug treatment in the past 12 months), the Opioid-Only Injection class had a higher proportion of PWID who tested positive for HIV than all polysubstance classes and higher lifetime HCV than the Polydrug-Polyroute and Cocaine Dominant Polyroute OSPU classes. The polysubstance use classes had higher proportions of non-fatal overdose than the Opioid-Only Injection class, and the Polydrug-Polyroute class had greater non-fatal overdose episodes than all other classes.
DISCUSSION: This study identified four novel polysubstance-polyroute typologies and their unique relationships with non-fatal overdose, HIV, and HCV risk among a nationwide sample of PWID. Interventions to mitigate infectious disease and non-fatal overdose risk among PWID may benefit from tailoring responses based on the needs of specific drug use combinations that individuals use daily.
METHODS: PWID were recruited from 23 U.S. cities for the 2018 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance. Latent class analysis was conducted using eight daily substance use indicators, including cannabis, opioid injection, cocaine-crack injection, methamphetamine injection, opioid non-injection, cocaine-crack non-injection, methamphetamine non-injection, and benzodiazepine non-injection. Associations between latent classes and sociodemographic variables, behavioral risk factors and non-fatal overdose, HIV infection, and lifetime HCV were analyzed using the R3STEP and Vermunt's 3-Step procedure.
RESULTS: In total, 11,347 PWID were included in the analysis. Four classes were determined: 1) Opioid-Only Injection (46.79%), 2) Polydrug-Polyroute (4.07%), 3) Cocaine Dominant Polyroute OSPU (35.96%), and 4) Meth Dominant Polyroute OSPU (13.18%). After adjusting for covariates (e.g., sociodemographic, psychological distress, sexual and physical violence, attending drug treatment in the past 12 months), the Opioid-Only Injection class had a higher proportion of PWID who tested positive for HIV than all polysubstance classes and higher lifetime HCV than the Polydrug-Polyroute and Cocaine Dominant Polyroute OSPU classes. The polysubstance use classes had higher proportions of non-fatal overdose than the Opioid-Only Injection class, and the Polydrug-Polyroute class had greater non-fatal overdose episodes than all other classes.
DISCUSSION: This study identified four novel polysubstance-polyroute typologies and their unique relationships with non-fatal overdose, HIV, and HCV risk among a nationwide sample of PWID. Interventions to mitigate infectious disease and non-fatal overdose risk among PWID may benefit from tailoring responses based on the needs of specific drug use combinations that individuals use daily.