Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026
Diagnostic classification and medical decision of idiopathic asthenozoospermia based on metabolomics analysis of seminal plasma.
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Zhang Chi, Zhou Xue, Zhu LaiQing, Shi Liang
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic asthenozoospermia(IA) is diagnosed when decreased or absent sperm motility is observed without an identifiable cause through standard clinical evaluations. So far, there have been no reports on the metabolomic classification of IA.
METHODS: Seminal plasma metabolites were profiled using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in 52 healthy controls and 50 patients with IA. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) was applied to 62 identified metabolites to classify IA cases into metabolic subtypes, followed by multivariate analyses to characterize the metabolic dysregulation patterns across clusters.
RESULTS: NMF identified three distinct IA subtypes with progressively dysregulated metabolic profiles. Eight core metabolites, including citric acid and cholesterol, were consistently altered across all clusters, suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Cluster 1 showed 10 unique differential metabolites, particularly reduced inositol levels. Cluster 2 was characterized by significantly higher glucose levels compared with other asthenozoospermia cases. Cluster 3 displayed markedly elevated pyruvate levels as a key metabolic feature.
CONCLUSION: This study provides the first NMF-based metabolomic classification of IA, revealing heterogeneous metabolic signatures among patients. These findings may support refined diagnostic classification and more rational clinical drug use for IA.
METHODS: Seminal plasma metabolites were profiled using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in 52 healthy controls and 50 patients with IA. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) was applied to 62 identified metabolites to classify IA cases into metabolic subtypes, followed by multivariate analyses to characterize the metabolic dysregulation patterns across clusters.
RESULTS: NMF identified three distinct IA subtypes with progressively dysregulated metabolic profiles. Eight core metabolites, including citric acid and cholesterol, were consistently altered across all clusters, suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Cluster 1 showed 10 unique differential metabolites, particularly reduced inositol levels. Cluster 2 was characterized by significantly higher glucose levels compared with other asthenozoospermia cases. Cluster 3 displayed markedly elevated pyruvate levels as a key metabolic feature.
CONCLUSION: This study provides the first NMF-based metabolomic classification of IA, revealing heterogeneous metabolic signatures among patients. These findings may support refined diagnostic classification and more rational clinical drug use for IA.