Cocaine-associated rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure.

We have described four male patients, aged 21 to 39 years, who had rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure during parenteral cocaine use. This complication has only recently been attributed to cocaine. Their illnesses behaved clinically like nonoliguric acute tubular necrosis, though renal biopsies were not done. No permanent nerve, muscle, or kidney damage resulted.