Comparison of Different Tests to Assess Cardiorespiratory Capacity in Adult Male Football Players with Intellectual Disability.

Background

Intellectual disability limits physical activity, affecting health and quality of life. Efficient tests to assess cardiorespiratory fitness in adapted football are essential. The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is a widely used benchmark test but can be logistically challenging. Although alternative tests such as the Sit-to-Stand Test (STST), Chester Step Test (CST), and Two-Minute Step Test in Place (2MST) have been validated in other populations, no study has examined their relationship with the 6MWT specifically in football players with intellectual disability, a population with unique physiological and cognitive characteristics. Therefore, this study reports the convergent validity between the 6MWT and these alternative field tests and describes the physiological responses to each test in football players with intellectual disability.

Methods

Forty-two adult male football players with intellectual disability (mean age 27.1 ± 5.6 years) completed the 6MWT, STST, CST and 2MSPT. Physiological parameters, including heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, were recorded before and after each test. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to assess relationships among tests.

Results

Strong, significant correlations were found between the 6MWT and the STST (r = 0.711), CST (r = 0.724), and 2MSPT (r = 0.683) (all p < 0.001). All tests induced expected changes in heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation.

Conclusions

The STST, CST and 2MSPT showed strong associations with the 6MWT and may serve as practical, safe and efficient complementary tools for field-based assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness in this population. These findings apply specifically to adult male football players with intellectual disability and should not be generalized to other populations with intellectual disability.