Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026
A preliminary exploration in the associations between cannabis use frequency and appetite, eating behavior, and anthropometrics.
СтатьяTwin StudyНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Ross J Megan, Ellingson Jarrod M, Panchal Zoe, Legget Kristina T, Friedman Naomi P, Schuster Randi M, Duffy Amber, Olsavsky Aviva K, Mikulich-Gilbertson Susan K, Calcaterra Susan L, Wang George Sam, Hewitt John K, Hopfer Christian J
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The effects of cannabis use on gastrointestinal function are unclear. We conducted a preliminary study on whether cannabis use frequency was associated with appetite, eating behavior, and anthropometrics phenotypically and after controlling for genetic and environmental factors via a co-twin control design.
METHODS: We first tested the phenotypic associations between cannabis use frequency (average number of days per week) with appetite, eating behavior, anthropometrics, and diet in simple unadjusted models and then re-estimated those associations in models adjusting for alcohol and nicotine use frequency as covariates. Significant phenotypic effects were next analyzed with multilevel models to test these associations between- and within-twin pairs. Between-family effects capture shared familial variance (additive genetics 'A' and common environment 'C') and within-twin pair effects capture residual variance after accounting for shared components (unique environment 'E'). Participants included 90 adults (40 complete twin pairs) who use cannabis at least weekly.
RESULTS: In unadjusted analyses, higher cannabis use frequency was associated with lower appetite (β = -0.199, p = .046), eating fewer meals per day (β = -0.234, p = .007), and eating a less nutritious diet (β = -0.237, p = .025); no phenotypic effects remained significant after adjusting for alcohol and nicotine use frequencies. Multi-level models showed significant between-family effects between higher cannabis use frequency and eating fewer meals per day (β = -0.318, p = .015) and eating a less nutritious diet (β = -0.296, p = .028); for all outcomes the within-twin effects were much smaller in magnitude compared to between-family effects, and non-significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not suggest a causal association between cannabis use frequency with eating behavior or anthropometrics.
METHODS: We first tested the phenotypic associations between cannabis use frequency (average number of days per week) with appetite, eating behavior, anthropometrics, and diet in simple unadjusted models and then re-estimated those associations in models adjusting for alcohol and nicotine use frequency as covariates. Significant phenotypic effects were next analyzed with multilevel models to test these associations between- and within-twin pairs. Between-family effects capture shared familial variance (additive genetics 'A' and common environment 'C') and within-twin pair effects capture residual variance after accounting for shared components (unique environment 'E'). Participants included 90 adults (40 complete twin pairs) who use cannabis at least weekly.
RESULTS: In unadjusted analyses, higher cannabis use frequency was associated with lower appetite (β = -0.199, p = .046), eating fewer meals per day (β = -0.234, p = .007), and eating a less nutritious diet (β = -0.237, p = .025); no phenotypic effects remained significant after adjusting for alcohol and nicotine use frequencies. Multi-level models showed significant between-family effects between higher cannabis use frequency and eating fewer meals per day (β = -0.318, p = .015) and eating a less nutritious diet (β = -0.296, p = .028); for all outcomes the within-twin effects were much smaller in magnitude compared to between-family effects, and non-significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not suggest a causal association between cannabis use frequency with eating behavior or anthropometrics.