General, mu and kappa opioid antagonists in the nucleus accumbens alter food intake under deprivation, glucoprivic and palatable conditions.

Ventricular microinjection studies found that whereas mu (beta-funaltrexamine, B-FNA), mu1 (naloxonazine) and kappa (nor-binaltorphamine, Nor-BNI) opioid receptor antagonists, but not delta antagonists, reduce deprivation-induced intake, kappa and mu, but not mu1 or delta antagonists reduce both 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) hyperphagia and sucrose intake. Since opioid agonists stimulate spontaneous food intake in the accumbens, the present study examined whether administration of either naltrexone, B-FNA or Nor-BNI in the accumbens altered intake under deprivation (24 h), glucoprivic (2DG: 500 mg/kg, i.p.) or palatable sucrose (10%) conditions. Naloxonazine's effects in the accumbens were also evaluated for deprivation-induced intake. Deprivation-induced intake was significantly decreased over 4 h by naltrexone (5-20 micrograms, 44%), B-FNA (1-4 micrograms, 55%) and Nor-BNI (4 micrograms, 31%) but not naloxonazine (10 micrograms) in the accumbens. 2DG hyperphagia was significantly decreased by naltrexone (10-20 microgram, 79%), B-FNA (1-4 micrograms, 100%) and NOR-BNI (104 micrograms, 75%) in the accumbens. Sucrose intake was significantly decreased by naltrexone (50 micrograms, 27%) and B-FNA (1-4 micrograms, 37%), but not NOR-BNI in the accumbens. These data suggest that mu receptors, and particularly the mu2 binding site in the accumbens are responsible for the opioid modulation of these forms of intake in this nucleus, and that this control may be acting upon the amount of intake per se.