Colorectal neoplasm in asymptomatic Asians: a prospective multinational multicenter colonoscopy survey.

BACKGROUND

Colorectal neoplasm is rapidly increasing in Asia, but a guideline for screening is not available.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the characteristics of colorectal neoplasm in asymptomatic Asian subjects.

DESIGN

Prospective cohort study.

SETTING

Multinational multicenters, including both primary and referral centers in Asia.

PATIENTS: A total of 860 consecutive asymptomatic adults undergoing screening colonoscopy in 11 Asian cities from July 2004 to December 2004. Patients under 16 years old; those patients with a colorectal resection history, colonoscopies, or barium enema within 5 years; symptoms suggestive of colorectal diseases; and those who had undergone surveillance colonoscopy were excluded.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The incidence and distribution of colorectal neoplasm and advanced neoplasm.

RESULTS

The mean age (+/-SD) was 54.4+/-11.6 years; 471 were men (54.8%). The prevalence of colorectal neoplasm and advanced neoplasm was 18.5% and 4.5%, respectively. Male sex, advancing age, and a family history of colorectal cancer were risk factors for advanced neoplasm. Of the 168 patients with colorectal neoplasm, 76 had distal neoplasm only (45.2%), 66 had proximal neoplasm only (39.3%), and 26 had both proximal and distal neoplasms (15.5%). Although the presence of distal advanced neoplasm was a significant risk factor for proximal advanced neoplasm, 14 of the 758 subjects without distal neoplasm had proximal advanced neoplasm (1.8%).

LIMITATIONS: The small number of enrolled subjects, especially from certain ethnic groups.

CONCLUSIONS

The overall prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasm in asymptomatic Asians is comparable with the West. Male sex, advancing age, and a family history of colorectal cancer were associated with a higher risk of advanced neoplasm.