[Analysis of various factors influencing the development of birthmarks and cutaneous lesions in newborn infants].

Introduction: Cutaneous lesions are very frequent in neonates. Despite the fact that the incidence of neonatal skin disorders has been reported in several studies, very few reports address the factors that influence the appearance of birthmarks. Objective: In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to record cutaneous findings in essentially healthy, term and late preterm neonates, and to use this data to assess the associations between various factors and the appearance of birthmarks. Method: The study was conducted on consecutive neonates born between April 2014 and April 2015 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Szeged. After the whole-body skin examination, a standardized questionnaire consisting of 50 questions was completed by the mothers. Data relating to the neonatal history of the participating neonates were obtained from the official neonatal medical charts. Results: A total of 1629 Caucasian neonates were included in the study. Of these, 88.15% exhibited at least one skin manifestation. Significant correlations were found between the newborn gender, gestational age and weight and the presence of many skin manifestations. Furthermore, sociodemographic factors, parental phenotypic characteristics, maternal diseases and medicine-taking habits also have impact on the development of certain cutaneous lesions. Conclusion: By examining a large number of newborns and by providing detailed analysis of several neonatal, perinatal and parental factors, our study contributes to a deeper understanding of the development of the examined cutaneous lesions. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(13): 513–522.