Fluoranthene metabolism in Mycobacterium sp. strain KR20: identity of pathway intermediates during degradation and growth.

Mycobacterium sp. strain KR20, which was isolated from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated soil of a former gaswork plant site, metabolized about 60% of the fluoranthene added (0.5 mg ml(-1)) to batch cultures in mineral salts medium within 10 d at 20 degrees C. It thereby increased its cell number about 30-fold and produced at least seven metabolites. Five metabolites, namely cis-2,3-fluoranthene dihydrodiol, Z-9-carboxymethylene-fluorene-1-carboxylic acid, cis-1,9a-dihydroxy-1-hydro-fluorene-9-one-8-carboxylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzochromene-6-one-7-carboxylic acid and benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, could be identified by NMR and MS spectroscopic techniques and ascribed to an alternative fluoranthene degradation pathway. Besides fluoranthene, the isolate could not use any of the PAHs tested as a sole source of carbon and energy.