Implications of medical screenings of patients arriving for dental treatment: the results of a comprehensive laboratory screening.

BACKGROUND

The authors conducted medical laboratory screenings in a dental setting to determine the relationships between the laboratory test results and self-reported medical health findings.

METHODS

The authors collected serum, urine and medical histories from 171 patients (116 [68 percent] women; mean age, 43.4 years) who arrived for dental treatment as a component of a clinical trial and performed complete blood cell counts, standard blood chemistry panels and urinalysis on the samples.

RESULTS

The authors found 414 abnormal laboratory test results (an average of 2.42 per patient). Eighty-three percent of participants had one or more abnormal test results, 83 percent had abnormal test results and did not indicate a relevant disease in their medical history, and 18 percent had laboratory test results outside the 99 percent reference range (that is, > three standard deviations from the mean). Abnormal test results were significantly associated with sex, age, race and medical history (P< .05). Abnormal test results associated with kidney disease were related to patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes, as well as those who tended to be on average older than 50 years.

CONCLUSIONS

The high frequency of significant abnormal laboratory test results detected in this study suggests that many patients may be unaware of their medical statuses.

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Abnormal laboratory test results are detected frequently in the serum and urine of patients arriving for dental treatment, which could indicate undiagnosed disease and less than optimal medical management.