Risk factors in a cohort of patients with multiple primary melanoma.

BACKGROUND

There are various known familial and environmental risk factors that influence the risk for melanoma. This study sought to define the risk factors for multiple primary melanoma.

METHODS

A telephone survey of patients with multiple primary melanomas was conducted from a private practice in south-east Queensland, in order to examine various risk factors in this cohort.

RESULTS

Our findings of high rates of family history of melanoma (37%), and of dysplastic naevi (42%) support the influence of genotype in this high-risk group. A family history of multiple primary melanomas, seen in 17% of our patients, is a risk factor not previously reported in similar cohort studies. Sixty-eight per cent of patients had an equal or lesser degree of invasive malignancy in subsequent melanomas. Most multiple primary melanoma patients in this group (86.6%) were conducting self skin examination at least once per month. With regards to sun-protective behaviour, 85% reported regular sunscreen use and 92% reported regular use of sun-protective clothing; however, fewer had done this in childhood.

CONCLUSIONS

Enhanced knowledge of the genetic and environmental risk factors for multiple primary melanomas can assist clinicians in assessing risk and planning surveillance of patients.