Screening women with a personal history of breast cancer: overview of the evidence on breast imaging surveillance.

This work reviews the evidence on breast imaging for screening (surveillance) in women with a history of breast cancer (BC). Early detection of second BCs in these women improves their prognosis based on studies using mammography (usually with clinical examinations) for surveillance. Cohort studies have estimated that mammography surveillance has moderate sensitivity (65.4%) and good specificity (98.3%), and have shown that these women are at a higher risk of interval BC than age- and breast density-matched women without a history of BC. Studies of adjunct imaging (ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging) for surveillance that have reported detection and accuracy measures have generally shown that adjunct imaging detected more second BCs than mammography and added substantially to the amount of false-positive results; however, little evidence exists regarding screening efficacy of adjunct imaging as part of routine surveillance.