Nature medicine · 2026

Genomic epidemiology of the 2025 mpox epidemic in Sierra Leone.

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Campbell Allan K O, Sandi John Demby, Omah Ifeanyi F, Faye Martin, Parker Edyth, Brock-Fisher Taylor, Gigante Crystal M, Folorunso Vidalyn, Kamara Mohamed Saio, Williams Anu Jegede, Kane Mouhamed, Kallon Tiangay Mariama Patience Sallay, Campbell Julian, Sesay Kadiatu Salmata, Mani Sia, Miller Choe, Sesay Naomi Daniel, Baimba Francis, Ndiaye Mignane, Lansana Roberta, Fofanah Ibrahim Umaru, Ruhweza Simon, Souma Zein, Kargbo Amanda, Koninga Komba, Tia Alie, Ngobeh Jone, Thoronka Foday, Fofanah Alusine, Ozonoff Al, Wilkason Colby, Park Danny, Tomkins-Tinch Christopher, Paye Marietou F, Shin Christopher, Baudi Ian, Blumenstiel Brendan, Varilly Patrick, Specht Ivan, Fry Ben, Zhao Karlie, Cronan Paul, Laning Ellory, Ope-Ewe Oludayo Oluwaseyi, Sijuwola Ayotunde Elijah, Saibu Femi, Soumare Harouna, Ogundana Ebenezer Kehinde, Obaado Ruth Oluwaseun, Adole Jolly Amoche, Kio Imonikhe Kennedy, Njeandoh Folefac Agnes, Tuttle Alexandra, Oguta Walter O, Greene Jonathan, Koroma Aminata, Kanu Joseph, Barry Mamadou Aliou, Gaye Aboubacry, Diouf Andy Mahine, Hughes Christine, Levy Joshua I, N'jai Alhaji, Diagne Moussa Moise, Nosamiefan Dolo, Ameh George, Klena John, Foster Monique A, Kebede Abebaw, Tanui Collins, Diallo Boubacar, Happi Anise, Tessema Sofonias, Sow Abdourahmane, Kebede Yenew, Wurie Isatta, Squire James, Harding Doris, Koroma Zikan, Jalloh Mohamed Boie, Sall Amadou Alpha, Andersen Kristian G, Rambaut Andrew, Vandi Mohamed Alex, Fall Ibrahima Socé, Sabeti Pardis, Happi Christian, Sahr Foday, Grant Donald S

Аннотация

Mpox is a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by MPXV, which has led to outbreaks across multiple countries in recent years. Sierra Leone reported its first mpox case in 8 years in January 2025, rapidly becoming the epicenter of a continental outbreak with more than 5,000 confirmed cases by August, a surge with unknown origins, timings and drivers. Phylodynamic analyses using 338 genomes generated from 14 districts suggests that the outbreak was caused by lineage G.1 (A.2.2.1) which descended from lineages circulating in Nigeria. Here we observed a strong APOBEC3 mutational enrichment, consistent with sustained human transmission that circulated undetected for ~3 months before the first confirmed case in January 2025. The Western Area Urban district served as the primary hub for nationwide spread and persistence, as well as multiple international export events. We further estimated that the true epidemic size was nearly double official case counts, highlighting substantial surveillance gaps. These findings underscore the urgent need for strengthened genomic and diagnostic surveillance systems across West Africa to pre-empt epidemics.

Предметные рубрики MeSH

Humans Disease Outbreaks Epidemics Genome, Viral Genomics Molecular Epidemiology Mutation Phylogeny Sierra Leone Mpox, Monkeypox

Genomic epidemiology of the 2025 mpox epidemic in Sierra Leone.

Ошибки и ограничения

Аннотация

Предметные рубрики MeSH