Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2013
Hypercalcemia secondary to gastrointestinal stromal tumors: parathyroid hormone-related protein independent mechanism?
Клинический случайСтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Jasti Prathima, Lakhani Vipul Tulsi, Woodworth Alison, Dahir Kathryn McCrystal
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Hypercalcemia is a common paraneoplastic manifestation of many malignancies like breast, ovarian, and squamous-cell cancers of head and neck; however, there have been only a few case reports of hypercalcemia associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). We report a case of GIST presenting with hypercalcemia without any osseous metastasis and provide a literature review regarding the mechanisms of hypercalcemia and therapeutic strategies.
METHODS: We present a report of case and a review of the relevant literature.
RESULTS: A 52-year-old woman with history of localized breast cancer in remission and a pelvic 13 × 12 cm GIST with peritoneal, liver, and lung metastases presented with hypercalcemia of 14.3 mg/dL (8.5-10.5 mg/dL). Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) was undetectable, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) was appropriately low at 1 pg/mL (10-65 pg/mL), and 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25 OH2 vit D) was elevated at 131 pg/mL (18-78 pg/mL) with normal renal function. Calcium responded transiently to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy and bisphosphonates but within a year, she expired due to tumor progression.
CONCLUSION: GIST is a rare cause of hypercalcemia. In addition to PTHrP expression, direct tumor production of 1,25(OH)2 vit D or 1-α hydroxylase enzyme resulting in activation of 25-hydroxy vitamin D may be an alternative mechanism in GIST-related hypercalcemia. Therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and bisphosphonates is recommended, though prognosis is poor. Further investigations are needed to characterize the etiology and management of hypercalcemia in these patients.
METHODS: We present a report of case and a review of the relevant literature.
RESULTS: A 52-year-old woman with history of localized breast cancer in remission and a pelvic 13 × 12 cm GIST with peritoneal, liver, and lung metastases presented with hypercalcemia of 14.3 mg/dL (8.5-10.5 mg/dL). Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) was undetectable, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) was appropriately low at 1 pg/mL (10-65 pg/mL), and 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25 OH2 vit D) was elevated at 131 pg/mL (18-78 pg/mL) with normal renal function. Calcium responded transiently to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy and bisphosphonates but within a year, she expired due to tumor progression.
CONCLUSION: GIST is a rare cause of hypercalcemia. In addition to PTHrP expression, direct tumor production of 1,25(OH)2 vit D or 1-α hydroxylase enzyme resulting in activation of 25-hydroxy vitamin D may be an alternative mechanism in GIST-related hypercalcemia. Therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and bisphosphonates is recommended, though prognosis is poor. Further investigations are needed to characterize the etiology and management of hypercalcemia in these patients.
Предметные рубрики MeSH
Antineoplastic AgentsBenzamidesBone Density Conservation AgentsBreast NeoplasmsCalcitriolCalciumDiphosphonatesDisease ProgressionEnzyme InhibitorsFatal OutcomeFemaleGastrointestinal Stromal TumorsHumansHypercalcemiaImatinib MesylateMiddle AgedParathyroid Hormone-Related ProteinPiperazinesProtein-Tyrosine KinasesPyrimidines