[Evolution and revolutionary events in oncology in the end of XX - beginning of XXI century].

This review highlights major achievements of the Russian oncology in the past decades, such as works of N.N. Petrov, L.A. Zilber, N.N. Blokhin, E.E. Pogosyants. Revolutionary shift in the understanding of the malignization process have become possible after decoding of human genome, as well as genome of several tumors such as breast cancer, acute myeloblastic leukemia, several brain tumors, testicular cancer and other neoplasms. The issue of stem cells being possible ancestors of tumor cells is also discussed in the review. Also the author observes main modern therapeutic approaches towards cancer treatment. It is specially highlighted that XXI century molecular biology achievements made it possible to start personal tumor treatment based on its' specific genotype.