Incidence of myopericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination: A meta-analysis with focus on adolescents aged 12-17 years.

BACKGROUND

The incidence of myopericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents aged 12-17 years remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted a study to pool the incidence of myopericarditis following COVID-19 vaccination in this age group.

METHODS

We did a meta-analysis by searching 4 electronic databases until February 6, 2023. The following main keywords were used: "COVID-19", "vaccines", "myocarditis", "pericarditis", and "myopericarditis". Observational studies reporting on adolescents aged 12-17 years who had myopericarditis in temporal relation to receiving mRNA COVID-19 vaccines were included. The pooled incidence of myopericarditis and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a single-group meta-analysis.

RESULTS

Fifteen studies were included. The pooled incidences of myopericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents aged 12-17 years were 43.5 (95 % CI, 30.8-61.6) cases per million vaccine doses for both BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 (39 628 242 doses; 14 studies), and 41.8 (29.4-59.4) cases for BNT162b2 alone (38 756 553 doses; 13 studies). Myopericarditis was more common among males (66.0 [40.5-107.7] cases) than females (10.1 [6.0-17.0] cases) and among those receiving the second dose (60.4 [37.6-96.9] cases) than those receiving the first dose (16.6 [8.7-31.9] cases). The incidences of myopericarditis did not differ significantly when grouped by age, type of myopericarditis, country, and World Health Organization region. None of the incidences of myopericarditis pooled in the current study were higher than those after smallpox vaccinations and non-COVID-19 vaccinations, and all of them were significantly lower than those in adolescents aged 12-17 years after COVID-19 infection.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidences of myopericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents aged 12-17 years were very rare; they were not higher than other important reference incidences. These findings provide an important context for health policy makers and parents with vaccination hesitancy to weight the risks and benefits of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents aged 12-17 years.