Building genomic epidemiology capacity for mpox virus and other viral pathogenic detection for public health preparedness and response.

OBJECTIVE

The 2022 mpox outbreak highlighted the threat of emerging infectious diseases and the value of genomic epidemiology, emphasizing the need to strengthen laboratory and data-sharing capacities. This manuscript presents strategies to develop and enhance genomic tools and infrastructure for monitoring mpox virus (MPOXV) and other viral pathogens.

METHODS

Drawing on mpox, the framework was designed to build genomic epidemiology capacity, detect emerging threats, monitor pathogen evolution, and guide outbreak response. It was developed through a literature review, creation of essential framework pillars, and strategies for integration into public health practice, applying the WHO Pathogen Genomic Surveillance Strategy.

RESULTS

The integrated genomic epidemiology framework combines epidemiological, clinical, and genomic data through bioinformatics analyses and utilizes data-sharing platforms, such as the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID), while aligning with the International Health Regulations (IHR) Focal Point system to strengthen public health responses. Its implementation facilitates rapid detection of emerging MPOXV strains and enhances genomic surveillance of viral pathogen variants.

CONCLUSION

This expanded capacity is essential for informing public health interventions and developing effective prevention and control strategies, demonstrating a practical model of the WHO Pathogen Genomic Surveillance Strategy in real-world settings while strengthening public health and global preparedness.