Effects of acamprosate on memory in healthy young subjects.

OBJECTIVE

Several studies have shown acamprosate (calciumacetylhomotaurinate) to increase abstinence rates in weaned alcoholics. Chronic alcoholics often suffer from cognitive deficits. Since acamprosate appears to interact with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, a subclass of glutamate receptors playing an important role in learning and memory processes, this study was performed in order to investigate different cognitive functions during administration of acamprosate.

METHOD: A randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled design, involving 12 healthy male volunteers was used. Acamprosate 2 g daily per os or placebo were administered for 7 days respectively, with a wash-out interval of 21 days between phases. Mood and different memory functions (i.e., working memory, delayed recall, recognition tasks) were assessed.

RESULTS

It was shown that a dose of acamprosate 2 g/day for 7 days may produce an impairment in delayed free recall. Recognition tasks, short term working memory and mood were not altered.

CONCLUSIONS

The present study supports the hypothesis that acamprosate impairs memory functions. This is in keeping with the concept of acamprosate acting as NMDA receptor antagonist. The limitations of the study are discussed.