Coincidental hairy cell leukemia and large cell malignant lymphoma.

A 64-year-old man who had a two year history of hairy cell leukemia became feverish with night sweats. Splenomegaly and enlarged nodes in the neck and in the anterior mediastinum were detected. Splenectomy was performed and multiple white nodules on a dark-red background were seen in the spleen. The white nodules represented a large cell malignant lymphoma; other areas of the spleen contained mononuclear cells typical in hairy cell leukemia. One of the hilar lymph nodes of the spleen was involved by malignant lymphoma, and the other eight lymph nodes were involved by hairy cell leukemia. The coincidence of the two diseases tends to favor the view that hairy cells are of lymphocytic origin.