Journal of global antimicrobial resistance · 2026
Genomic insights into a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST463 clinical isolate co-harbouring blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-9.
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Huang Yi, Li Qiao, He Fang, Xu Juan, Bakunovich Andrey, Song Chao
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is a critical pathogen in healthcare-associated infections. In this study, we characterize a clinical P. aeruginosa isolate from China that simultaneously harbours blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-9, two clinically important carbapenemase genes.
METHODS: Strain MZ67-2 was identified using the VITEK MS system, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform and assembled using Unicycler (v0.4.7). MLST and antimicrobial resistance gene identification were performed using BacWGSTdb. Phylogenetic relationships between MZ67-2 and other P. aeruginosa strains co-harbouring blaKPC and blaNDM were inferred by SNP-based analysis and visualized using iTOL.
RESULTS: P. aeruginosa MZ67-2 was assigned to sequence type (ST) 463 and serotype O4. The isolate exhibited a multidrug-resistant phenotype, showing resistance to all tested antimicrobial agents except colistin. Whole-genome analysis identified a total of 17 antimicrobial resistance genes, including the carbapenemase-encoding genes blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-9. Analysis of the NCBI GenBank database indicates that P. aeruginosa strains carrying blaKPC or blaNDM alone are globally prevalent and may serve as reservoirs for the emergence of co-harbouring strains. In contrast, isolates carrying both genes remain rare, with only seven cases reported worldwide to date (2020-2025), suggesting an evolutionary shift toward multi-carbapenemase carriage under the selective pressure of novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor use.
CONCLUSION: In summary, we report a clinical P. aeruginosa isolate from China co-harbouring blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-9. The emergence of multi-carbapenemase-producing strains poses a serious threat to antimicrobial therapy, underscoring the need for continuous clinical surveillance.
METHODS: Strain MZ67-2 was identified using the VITEK MS system, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform and assembled using Unicycler (v0.4.7). MLST and antimicrobial resistance gene identification were performed using BacWGSTdb. Phylogenetic relationships between MZ67-2 and other P. aeruginosa strains co-harbouring blaKPC and blaNDM were inferred by SNP-based analysis and visualized using iTOL.
RESULTS: P. aeruginosa MZ67-2 was assigned to sequence type (ST) 463 and serotype O4. The isolate exhibited a multidrug-resistant phenotype, showing resistance to all tested antimicrobial agents except colistin. Whole-genome analysis identified a total of 17 antimicrobial resistance genes, including the carbapenemase-encoding genes blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-9. Analysis of the NCBI GenBank database indicates that P. aeruginosa strains carrying blaKPC or blaNDM alone are globally prevalent and may serve as reservoirs for the emergence of co-harbouring strains. In contrast, isolates carrying both genes remain rare, with only seven cases reported worldwide to date (2020-2025), suggesting an evolutionary shift toward multi-carbapenemase carriage under the selective pressure of novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor use.
CONCLUSION: In summary, we report a clinical P. aeruginosa isolate from China co-harbouring blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-9. The emergence of multi-carbapenemase-producing strains poses a serious threat to antimicrobial therapy, underscoring the need for continuous clinical surveillance.