Journal of global antimicrobial resistance · 2025
Colistin- and octenidine-induced selective pressure on Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in vitro: Antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of cross-resistance.
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Freire Samanta, Raro Otávio Hallal Ferreira, Nordmann Patrice, Poirel Laurent
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Infection prevention using antiseptics is crucial to control the transmission of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens.
METHODS: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate: (1) the susceptibility to octenidine (OCT) of 104 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (including multidrug-resistant) clinical isolates; (2) whether resistant mutants can be obtained by applying selective pressure using increasing concentrations of OCT and colistin (COL); (3) the genetic basis of underlying resistance mechanisms; (4) the co-lateral effects on various antibiotics and chlorhexidine (CHX); and (5) the efficacy of OCT-based products in mutant strains according to EN13727.
RESULTS: OCT showed high activity against all isolates. Long-term exposure of four P. aeruginosa strains to OCT resulted in five mutants predominantly exhibiting mutations in genes involved in the regulation of efflux pumps. No co-lateral effect of the OCT mutants on CHX, COL or any other antibiotics was detected. OCT as well as OCT-based products were still fully effective in all OCT mutants under "dirty conditions" within a 1 min contact time. Using COL as a selective molecule, four mutants exhibiting decreased susceptibility to COL were identified that harboured mutations in pmrB. Cross-resistance to gentamicin was observed in two mutants, but not to OCT, CHX or any other antibiotics.
CONCLUSIONS: Rare mutations triggered within P. aeruginosa by OCT during long-term in vitro exposure showed no impact on the efficacy of OCT and did not select for other antiseptic or antibiotic cross-resistance.
METHODS: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate: (1) the susceptibility to octenidine (OCT) of 104 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (including multidrug-resistant) clinical isolates; (2) whether resistant mutants can be obtained by applying selective pressure using increasing concentrations of OCT and colistin (COL); (3) the genetic basis of underlying resistance mechanisms; (4) the co-lateral effects on various antibiotics and chlorhexidine (CHX); and (5) the efficacy of OCT-based products in mutant strains according to EN13727.
RESULTS: OCT showed high activity against all isolates. Long-term exposure of four P. aeruginosa strains to OCT resulted in five mutants predominantly exhibiting mutations in genes involved in the regulation of efflux pumps. No co-lateral effect of the OCT mutants on CHX, COL or any other antibiotics was detected. OCT as well as OCT-based products were still fully effective in all OCT mutants under "dirty conditions" within a 1 min contact time. Using COL as a selective molecule, four mutants exhibiting decreased susceptibility to COL were identified that harboured mutations in pmrB. Cross-resistance to gentamicin was observed in two mutants, but not to OCT, CHX or any other antibiotics.
CONCLUSIONS: Rare mutations triggered within P. aeruginosa by OCT during long-term in vitro exposure showed no impact on the efficacy of OCT and did not select for other antiseptic or antibiotic cross-resistance.