Neurosurgical review · 2026
Maternal and fetal outcomes of spinal tuberculosis in pregnancy: A systematic review and descriptive pooled analysis.
СтатьяСистематический обзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Regmi Anil, Sami Abdus, Baral Surakshya, Shahul Sanoj, Kulshrestha Sanyam, Jain Vijay Kumar, Iyengar Karthikeyan P
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Spinal tuberculosis (TB) in pregnancy is rare and poses diagnostic, neurological, and obstetric challenges. Data are limited to isolated case reports and small series, precluding evidence-based guidance on management and outcomes. This review aims to systematically review reported cases of spinal TB in pregnancy, summarize maternal and fetal outcomes, and perform a descriptive pooled synthesis of reported live births and maternal neurological recovery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, (inception-October 2025) identified case reports and series reporting spinal TB in pregnancy with patient-level data on management and outcomes. Quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. Descriptively pooled reported proportion for live births and full maternal neurological recovery were estimated using a random-effects model with Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation. Heterogeneity was evaluated via I2.
RESULTS: Twenty-three case reports and small case series (no controls) encompassing 36 pregnancies were included. All patients received standard Anti Tubercular Therapy (ATT); 26 (72%) underwent surgery, mostly postpartum. Pooled live birth proportion was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.63-0.88). Full maternal neurological recovery was achieved in 0.85 (95% CI: 0.74-0.94). Overall, maternal complications were infrequent (14%), and neonatal outcomes were generally favorable with no congenital TB reported.
CONCLUSIONS: In published cases, timely ATT and selective surgical intervention were associated with high reported rates of live birth and maternal neurological recovery; however, these findings likely reflect selected best-case scenarios and require confirmation in prospective registries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, (inception-October 2025) identified case reports and series reporting spinal TB in pregnancy with patient-level data on management and outcomes. Quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. Descriptively pooled reported proportion for live births and full maternal neurological recovery were estimated using a random-effects model with Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation. Heterogeneity was evaluated via I2.
RESULTS: Twenty-three case reports and small case series (no controls) encompassing 36 pregnancies were included. All patients received standard Anti Tubercular Therapy (ATT); 26 (72%) underwent surgery, mostly postpartum. Pooled live birth proportion was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.63-0.88). Full maternal neurological recovery was achieved in 0.85 (95% CI: 0.74-0.94). Overall, maternal complications were infrequent (14%), and neonatal outcomes were generally favorable with no congenital TB reported.
CONCLUSIONS: In published cases, timely ATT and selective surgical intervention were associated with high reported rates of live birth and maternal neurological recovery; however, these findings likely reflect selected best-case scenarios and require confirmation in prospective registries.