Outcomes in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HF-PEF) represents a heterogenous group of patients with HF, more commonly affecting older women, with a history of hypertension and, less commonly, coronary disease, than patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HF-REF). Patients with HF-PEF have lower short-term and longer-term mortality than patients with HF-REF. At present, therapeutic interventions that have had proven benefits for patients with HF with reduced EF have not been shown to have similar benefits for patients with HF-PEF and there remains an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies to improve the clinical outcomes for patients with HF-PEF.