Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025

I see sick people: Beliefs about sensory detection of infectious disease are largely consistent across cultures.

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Ackerman Joshua M, Samore Theodore, Fessler Daniel M T, Kupfer Tom R, Choi Soyeon, Merrell Wilson N, Aarøe Lene, Aavik Toivo, Acabado Stephen, Akello Grace, Alfian Ilham N, Al-Shawaf Laith, Alvarez Marinés M, Ammann Jeanine, Arikan Gizem, Asha Saiyeda A, Astobiza Anibal M, Baeza-Ugarte Carmen G, Barclay Pat, Barlow Fiona Kate, Bizarro Lisiane, Bressan Paola, Castellanos-Chacón Andres, Choy Bryan K C, Chusairi Achmad, Contreras-Garduño Jorge, Chávez Cosamalón Brenda L, Costa-Neves Bernardo, De Mallika, de Lima Tiago J S, de Zoysa Piyanjali, Dryžaitė Ieva, Elbæk Christian T, Fedor Peter, Fernández Ana M, Fernandez-Morales Regina, Fülöp Márta, Gamsakhurdia Vladimer Lado, Garcia-Gómez Leonor, Garcia-Marques Leonel, Garduño-Franco Jimena, Pilar Grazioso María Del, Habacht Fanny, Hasan Youssef, Haugestad Camila P, Haugestad Christian A P, Havlíček Jan, Hernandez Earl J, Hoang Vu M, Hong Minsung, Hromatko Ivana, Iliško Dzintra, Imada Hirotaka, Jakšić Ivana, Jarmakowski Tomasz, Hjördísar Jónsdóttir Harpa L, Kajokaite Kotrina, Kaňková Šárka, Kervyn Nicolas, Kim Jinseok P, Kunst Jonas R, Laakasuo Michael, Leongómez Juan David, Li Norman P, Lu Junsong, Lynch Nathan, Maegli María A, Manley Harry, Marcu Gabriela, McAfee Thea, Mitkidis Panagiotis, Molnár Nándor B, Morvinski Coby, Muhamad Haslina, Nejat Pegah, Huy Hoang Nguyen, Oliveira Angelica N, Olsson Mats J, Onyishi Charity N, Onyishi Ike E, Orozco Reegan, Otterbring Tobias, Ottersen Ida S, Pacheco-López Gustavo, Panagiotopoulou Penny, Paniagua Walter, Parvin Roksana, Pavlović Zoran, Prokop Pavol, Raffman Emma, Rizwan Muhammad, Rojas Sheila, Różycka-Tran Joanna, Sánchez Oscar R, Selim Heyla, Sevi Barış, Shani Yaniv, Shastry Madhulika S, Stieger Stefan, Suh Eunkook M, Sumari Melati, Takemura Kosuke, Tognetti Arnaud, Trombetta Roberta Z R, Tybur Joshua M, Ucak Eylul B, Uchida Yukiko, Valentova Jaroslava V, Viciana Hugo, Visine Amandine, Wang Jin, Wang Xt XiaoTian, Yahiiaiev Illia I, Zein Rizqy A, Žeželj Iris

Аннотация

Identifying cues to contagious disease is critical for effectively tracking and defending against interpersonal infection threats. People hold lay beliefs about the types of sensory information most relevant for identifying whether others are sick with transmissible illnesses. Are these beliefs universal, or do they vary along cultural and ecological dimensions? Participants in 58 countries (N = 19,217) judged how effective, and how likely they were to use, cues involving each of the five major sensory modalities in an imagined social interaction during a flu outbreak. Belief patterns were strongly consistent across countries (sight > audition > touch > smell > taste), suggesting a largely universal conceptualization of the role of sensory information for interpersonal respiratory disease detection. Results also support a safe senses hypothesis, with perceivers reporting that they would use senses that function at a distance-and thus reduce pathogen transmission risk-more than would be expected given participants' beliefs as to the efficacy of these senses for disease detection. Where societal variation did emerge, it was captured by a cohesive set of socio-ecological factors, including human development, latitude, pathogen prevalence, and population density. Together, these findings reveal a shared lens through which contagious respiratory disease is assessed, one that prioritizes minimizing risk to perceivers, and may offer leverage for designing interventions to improve public health.

Предметные рубрики MeSH

Humans Male Female Adult Communicable Diseases Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Culture Cross-Cultural Comparison Middle Aged Young Adult Cues Sensation

I see sick people: Beliefs about sensory detection of infectious disease are largely consistent across cultures.

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Аннотация

Предметные рубрики MeSH