British journal of sports medicine · 2023
Diagnostic approach to lower airway dysfunction in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis by a subgroup of the IOC consensus on 'acute respiratory illness in the athlete'.
МетаанализСистематический обзорСтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Reier-Nilsen Tonje, Sewry Nicola, Chenuel Bruno, Backer Vibeke, Larsson Kjell, Price Oliver J, Pedersen Lars, Bougault Valerie, Schwellnus Martin, Hull James H
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To compare the performance of various diagnostic bronchoprovocation tests (BPT) in the assessment of lower airway dysfunction (LAD) in athletes and inform best clinical practice.
DESIGN: Systematic review with sensitivity and specificity meta-analyses.
DATA SOURCES: PubMed, EBSCOhost and Web of Science (1 January 1990-31 December 2021).
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Original full-text studies, including athletes/physically active individuals (15-65 years) who underwent assessment for LAD by symptom-based questionnaires/history and/or direct and/or indirect BPTs.
RESULTS: In 26 studies containing data for quantitative meta-analyses on BPT diagnostic performance (n=2624 participants; 33% female); 22% had physician diagnosed asthma and 51% reported LAD symptoms. In athletes with symptoms of LAD, eucapnic voluntary hyperpnoea (EVH) and exercise challenge tests (ECTs) confirmed the diagnosis with a 46% sensitivity and 74% specificity, and 51% sensitivity and 84% specificity, respectively, while methacholine BPTs were 55% sensitive and 56% specific. If EVH was the reference standard, the presence of LAD symptoms was 78% sensitive and 45% specific for a positive EVH, while ECTs were 42% sensitive and 82% specific. If ECTs were the reference standard, the presence of LAD symptoms was 80% sensitive and 56% specific for a positive ECT, while EVH demonstrated 65% sensitivity and 65% specificity for a positive ECT.
CONCLUSION: In the assessment of LAD in athletes, EVH and field-based ECTs offer similar and moderate diagnostic test performance. In contrast, methacholine BPTs have lower overall test performance.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020170915.
DESIGN: Systematic review with sensitivity and specificity meta-analyses.
DATA SOURCES: PubMed, EBSCOhost and Web of Science (1 January 1990-31 December 2021).
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Original full-text studies, including athletes/physically active individuals (15-65 years) who underwent assessment for LAD by symptom-based questionnaires/history and/or direct and/or indirect BPTs.
RESULTS: In 26 studies containing data for quantitative meta-analyses on BPT diagnostic performance (n=2624 participants; 33% female); 22% had physician diagnosed asthma and 51% reported LAD symptoms. In athletes with symptoms of LAD, eucapnic voluntary hyperpnoea (EVH) and exercise challenge tests (ECTs) confirmed the diagnosis with a 46% sensitivity and 74% specificity, and 51% sensitivity and 84% specificity, respectively, while methacholine BPTs were 55% sensitive and 56% specific. If EVH was the reference standard, the presence of LAD symptoms was 78% sensitive and 45% specific for a positive EVH, while ECTs were 42% sensitive and 82% specific. If ECTs were the reference standard, the presence of LAD symptoms was 80% sensitive and 56% specific for a positive ECT, while EVH demonstrated 65% sensitivity and 65% specificity for a positive ECT.
CONCLUSION: In the assessment of LAD in athletes, EVH and field-based ECTs offer similar and moderate diagnostic test performance. In contrast, methacholine BPTs have lower overall test performance.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020170915.