European urology · 2006
Management of BCG failures in superficial bladder cancer: a review.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Witjes Johannes A
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Review management of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) failures in superficial bladder cancer.
METHOD: Search of published literature and meeting abstracts.
RESULTS: Patients in whom BCG fails are not a uniform group. Failure cannot be predicted but high-risk patients can be identified. In case of failure and progression the outcome is bad. Conservative but investigative alternatives are BCG/interferon-alpha, intravesical hyperthermia/chemotherapy, or photodynamic therapy. Standard treatment in failing patients remains cystoprostatectomy.
CONCLUSION: BCG failures need careful and individualized therapy in experienced hands.
METHOD: Search of published literature and meeting abstracts.
RESULTS: Patients in whom BCG fails are not a uniform group. Failure cannot be predicted but high-risk patients can be identified. In case of failure and progression the outcome is bad. Conservative but investigative alternatives are BCG/interferon-alpha, intravesical hyperthermia/chemotherapy, or photodynamic therapy. Standard treatment in failing patients remains cystoprostatectomy.
CONCLUSION: BCG failures need careful and individualized therapy in experienced hands.