The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026
Association between dietary intakes and gut microbiota composition in individuals with Lynch syndrome: a cross-sectional analysis of the AAS-Lynch study.
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Demaré Noémie, Bridier-Nahmias Antoine, Carbonnelle Etienne, Magnan Mélanie, Bellicha Alice, Marin Julie, Arnault Nathalie, Benallaoua Mourad, Aït Omar Amal, AAS-Lynch study group 2024, Benamouzig Robert, Deschasaux-Tanguy Mélanie
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: People with Lynch syndrome (LS) have a high probability of early onset of several cancers, mainly colorectal cancer (CRC), due to genetic alterations. Gut microbiota alteration has been associated with the development of CRC. In general populations, the gut microbiota appears to be influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including diet.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this exploratory study was to characterize the profile of the fecal microbiota in relation to dietary intakes in individuals with LS, with or without a history of CRC.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, fecal samples, dietary intakes, as well as sociodemographic and clinical features were collected at inclusion in the French AAS-Lynch clinical trial (2017-2022). Fecal microbiota profiles (α- and β-diversity, taxa abundance, and enterotypes) were derived from 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Dietary intakes were estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Associations between dietary intakes and fecal microbiota were assessed using linear regression, and (permutational) analysis of variance (PERMANOVA and ANOVA) models adjusted for confounding factors.
RESULTS: Our analysis of 95 people with LS revealed that α-diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices) was negatively associated with Western dietary pattern, red meat consumption, and higher intakes of SFA, cholesterol, and animal proteins and positively associated with plant proteins and the ratio of plant to animal proteins. Western dietary pattern, consumption of fruits, cake and biscuits, breakfast cereals, and red meat were the top dietary factors explaining the dissimilarities in microbiota composition between individuals. An association was observed between plant protein intake and the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK3A20 group.
CONCLUSIONS: This study explored for the first time, to our knowledge, associations between dietary intakes and fecal microbiota profiles in individuals with LS. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and to assess the potential impact of these associations on the risk to develop CRC in this particular population. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04791644.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this exploratory study was to characterize the profile of the fecal microbiota in relation to dietary intakes in individuals with LS, with or without a history of CRC.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, fecal samples, dietary intakes, as well as sociodemographic and clinical features were collected at inclusion in the French AAS-Lynch clinical trial (2017-2022). Fecal microbiota profiles (α- and β-diversity, taxa abundance, and enterotypes) were derived from 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Dietary intakes were estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Associations between dietary intakes and fecal microbiota were assessed using linear regression, and (permutational) analysis of variance (PERMANOVA and ANOVA) models adjusted for confounding factors.
RESULTS: Our analysis of 95 people with LS revealed that α-diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices) was negatively associated with Western dietary pattern, red meat consumption, and higher intakes of SFA, cholesterol, and animal proteins and positively associated with plant proteins and the ratio of plant to animal proteins. Western dietary pattern, consumption of fruits, cake and biscuits, breakfast cereals, and red meat were the top dietary factors explaining the dissimilarities in microbiota composition between individuals. An association was observed between plant protein intake and the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK3A20 group.
CONCLUSIONS: This study explored for the first time, to our knowledge, associations between dietary intakes and fecal microbiota profiles in individuals with LS. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and to assess the potential impact of these associations on the risk to develop CRC in this particular population. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04791644.