Medical and surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux in the neonate.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common in neonates, and a wide variety of symptoms have been attributed to reflux in this age group, including regurgitation, fussiness, and respiratory symptoms. Though the natural history of GERD is one of resolution in most infants, treatment may be needed when symptoms are particularly bothersome or associated with concerning medical complications. An array of management options exists for neonatal GERD, including both medical and surgical treatments. The goal of this review is to present an overview of nonpharmacologic, pharmacologic, and surgical GERD treatments and to review the available evidence on these treatments with a focus on research completed in the neonatal population.