Nature immunology · 2022
Memory CD8+ T cell diversity and B cell responses correlate with protection against SARS-CoV-2 following mRNA vaccination.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Brasu Nadia, Elia Ines, Russo Valentina, Montacchiesi Gaia, Stabile Simona Aversano, De Intinis Carlo, Fesi Francesco, Gizzi Katiuscia, Macagno Marco, Montone Monica, Mussolin Benedetta, Grifoni Alba, Faravelli Silvia, Marchese Silvia, Forneris Federico, De Francesco Raffaele, Sette Alessandro, Barnaba Vincenzo, Sottile Antonino, Sapino Anna, Pace Luigia
Аннотация
Understanding immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines is of great interest, principally because of the poor knowledge about the mechanisms of protection. In the present study, we analyzed longitudinally B cell and T cell memory programs against the spike (S) protein derived from ancestral SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan-1), B.1.351 (beta), B.1.617.2 (delta) and B.1.1.529 (omicron) variants of concern (VOCs) after immunization with an mRNA-based vaccine (Pfizer). According to the magnitude of humoral responses 3 months after the first dose, we identified high and low responders. Opposite to low responders, high responders were characterized by enhanced antibody-neutralizing activity, increased frequency of central memory T cells and durable S-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Reduced binding antibodies titers combined with long-term specific memory T cells that had distinct polyreactive properties were found associated with subsequent breakthrough with VOCs in low responders. These results have important implications for the design of new vaccines and new strategies for booster follow-up.