[Comment on the "medical-legal report of the 1865 smallpox epidemic in Valparaiso" by Doctor Manuel Antonio Carmona].

We transcribe and comment on the report about the smallpox epidemic in Valparaiso in 1865, developed by Dr. Manuel Antonio Carmona. At that time, it was considered as an important contribution to epidemiology and clinical prevention of the disease. It gave rules about the management "of smallpox at home", highlighting mechanisms of transmission of this eruptive infectious disease.