[Military physicians disseminating the vaccine from the beginning of the occupation of Algeria].

Smallpox was an endemic illness in Algeria when Chevreau started the first jennerian inoculation in 1831. Immediately after the conquest of Algeria the army medical doctors organized the inoculation of cowpox among the European poor as well as among his native people during the period of 1831-1847. The vaccination against smallpox increased with the arrival of numerous medical doctors after 1847.