Frontiers in immunology · 2026
Engineered Lactobacillus casei targets the IgT-pIgR axis to confer mucosal protection against Aeromonas veronii in snakehead (Channa argus).
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Gao Kui-Peng, Dou Jian-Ran, Ma Bing-Bing, Ma Tian-Bao, Li Na, Qian Ai-Dong, Shan Xiao-Feng, Sun Wu-Wen, Zhang Lei, Zhang Di, Wang Chun-Feng, Zhang Dong-Xing
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Aeromonas veronii remains a pervasive aquatic pathogen precipitating catastrophic economic depletion and threats to global food security. Conventional therapeutic modalities are constrained by inadequate stability, prohibitive costs, and biosafety risks.
METHODS: To address such challenges, an engineered Lactobacillus casei strain was developed to constitutively express the A. veronii outer membrane protein OmpAI through a tandem promoter system to ensure optimized antigen delivery.
RESULTS: Anal intubation with engineered L. casei in Channa argus stimulated compartmentalized mucosal immunity, evidenced by a six-fold elevation in hindgut IgT transcripts, significant infiltration of IgT+ B cells, and pIgR mediated transcytosis, synchronized with systemic IgM activation. The probiotic treament accelerated pathogen clearance, improved survival rates to 42.9% compared to 12.5% in control group, and reorganized the commensal microbiome through a specific enrichment of beneficial Firmicutes.
DISCUSSION: This study elucidated a novel engineered-probiotic mucosal vaccination strategy for teleosts, providing a noninvasive, mucosal targeted immunoprophylactic strategy to decrease antibiotic dependency in aquaculture.
METHODS: To address such challenges, an engineered Lactobacillus casei strain was developed to constitutively express the A. veronii outer membrane protein OmpAI through a tandem promoter system to ensure optimized antigen delivery.
RESULTS: Anal intubation with engineered L. casei in Channa argus stimulated compartmentalized mucosal immunity, evidenced by a six-fold elevation in hindgut IgT transcripts, significant infiltration of IgT+ B cells, and pIgR mediated transcytosis, synchronized with systemic IgM activation. The probiotic treament accelerated pathogen clearance, improved survival rates to 42.9% compared to 12.5% in control group, and reorganized the commensal microbiome through a specific enrichment of beneficial Firmicutes.
DISCUSSION: This study elucidated a novel engineered-probiotic mucosal vaccination strategy for teleosts, providing a noninvasive, mucosal targeted immunoprophylactic strategy to decrease antibiotic dependency in aquaculture.