[The Efficacy of a New Ladder-Type Anti-Human Thymocyte Immunoglobulin in the Treatment of Severe Aplastic Anemia].

OBJECTIVE

To observe the efficacy of innovative stepped rabbit anti-human thymocyte immunoglobulin therapy for severe aplastic anemia (SAA).

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 45 patients with acquired SAA in the hematology ward of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from November 2023 to May 2024. According to the different treatment methods, patients were divided into observation group ( n =15) and control group ( n =30). Thirty patients were non-randomized to the control group due to their willingness to receive low-risk treatment, and chose the protocol of cyclosporine combined with hetrombopag. Fifteen patients in the observation group were treated with r-ATG, a reduced-dose ladder regimen, on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were analyzed.

RESULTS

The objective response rate was 66.7% after treatment for 3 months in the observation group. The objective response rate at 6 months was 80%. After treatment, the levels of neutrophils, hemoglobin and platelets in the two groups were significantly higher than that before treatment. After treatment, the levels of all indexes in the observation group were higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). No serious adverse reaction was observed.

CONCLUSION

The new stepped ATG regimen can not only ensure the efficacy, promote the recovery of bone marrow hematopoietic function, but also help reduce the side effects of ATG, and bring low-risk IST treatment opportunities for SAA patients.