Diagnosing Allergic Rhinitis and Local Allergic Rhinitis.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent atopic condition commonly diagnosed based on clinical history and confirmed through skin prick testing or serum-specific immunoglobulin-E (sIgE) measurements. However, some patients present with classic AR symptoms despite negative results on conventional allergy tests, a phenomenon now recognized as local allergic rhinitis (LAR). LAR is characterized by localized IgE production within the nasal mucosa and is diagnosed using nasal allergen provocation testing alongside detection of nasal sIgE. This article provides an overview of current diagnostic approaches for AR and explores the emerging insights into the identification and diagnosis of LAR.