Lower Extremity Girth Does Not Predict Complications in TKA.

BACKGROUND

Obese patients have increased complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A body mass index (BMI) cutoff of 40 is frequently used to determine eligibility for TKA. Patients with a BMI <40 and extremely large legs which may predispose them to complications are approved for surgery because they fall below this cutoff. Alternatively, patients with truncal obesity and a BMI >40 are accepted because they have thin legs. We sought to determine whether BMI or girth should be used to determine eligibility.

METHODS

453 patients who underwent TKA were included. A lower extremity girth (LEG) ratio was calculated dividing the width of the soft tissue envelope by bone width on lateral radiographs. Receiver operator curves were generated to predict 90-day complications.

RESULTS

There was no difference in median LEG ratio between patients with or without a complication (P = .08). Receiver operator curves indicated that size of the soft tissue envelope had no utility in predicting complications. There was no correlation between LEG ratio and specific complications such as infection, malalignment, or wound complications. Using a LEG ratio threshold of 4.834, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting complications were 48% and 64%, respectively. The median BMI for patients with no complication was 32.3 and 35 for patients with a complication (P = .07).

CONCLUSION

Complications are not necessarily associated with size of the soft tissue envelope in TKA.Decisions concerning TKA should not be made solely on the size of a patient's leg.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III (retrospective comparative study).