Annals of clinical and laboratory science · 2026
The Prevalence of Kidd, Lutheran, and Duffy Antigens and Phenotypes Among Blood Donors in Al-Qurayyat, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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Alanazi Fehaid, Alzahrani Wael, Kajal Shiny K, Abdalhabib Ezeldine K, Hamza Alneil, Kuriri Fahd A, Alenazy Fawaz, Alanazi Abdulmajeed M M, Albalawi Marzouq H M
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Blood group antigen frequencies vary across populations and influence transfusion compatibility and alloimmunization risk; data on minor systems in northern Saudi Arabia are limited. This study determined Kidd (Jk), Lutheran (Lu), and Duffy (Fy) antigen and phenotype frequencies among Al-Qurayyat blood donors and compared them with other populations.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 240 healthy blood donors were serologically typed for Kidd (Jka, Jkb), Lutheran (Lua, Lub), and Duffy (Fya, Fyb) antigens. Using the chi-square test, Phenotype frequencies were compared with published.
RESULTS: Jka and Jkb antigens were observed in 94.2% and 50.8%, respectively. Kidd phenotypes were predominantly Jk(a+b-) (49.2%), followed by Jk(a+b+) (45.0%). Lub was the predominant Lutheran specificity (99.2%), and Lua was rare (0.8%). The main Lutheran phenotype was Lu(a-b+) (99.2%). Duffy antigens Fya and Fyb were found in 38.3% and 45.0%, respectively. Duffy phenotypes were predominantly Fy(a-b+) (35.0%), followed by Fy(a+b-) (28.3%), Fy(a-b-) (26.7%), and Fy(a+b+) (10.0%). Duffy distribution differed significantly from Caucasian, Asian, and other regional populations (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: This first profile of the Kidd, Lutheran, and Duffy systems in Al-Qurayyat reveals wide regional differences, especially for Duffy; this underscores the value of population-based databases to guide transfusion practice and directed searches for compatible donors.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 240 healthy blood donors were serologically typed for Kidd (Jka, Jkb), Lutheran (Lua, Lub), and Duffy (Fya, Fyb) antigens. Using the chi-square test, Phenotype frequencies were compared with published.
RESULTS: Jka and Jkb antigens were observed in 94.2% and 50.8%, respectively. Kidd phenotypes were predominantly Jk(a+b-) (49.2%), followed by Jk(a+b+) (45.0%). Lub was the predominant Lutheran specificity (99.2%), and Lua was rare (0.8%). The main Lutheran phenotype was Lu(a-b+) (99.2%). Duffy antigens Fya and Fyb were found in 38.3% and 45.0%, respectively. Duffy phenotypes were predominantly Fy(a-b+) (35.0%), followed by Fy(a+b-) (28.3%), Fy(a-b-) (26.7%), and Fy(a+b+) (10.0%). Duffy distribution differed significantly from Caucasian, Asian, and other regional populations (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: This first profile of the Kidd, Lutheran, and Duffy systems in Al-Qurayyat reveals wide regional differences, especially for Duffy; this underscores the value of population-based databases to guide transfusion practice and directed searches for compatible donors.