Frontiers in toxicology · 2026
Epidemiological and clinical analysis of Gelsemium poisoning in Guangxi, Southern China: a decade of surveillance data.
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Zhong Yanxu, Shi Mengmeng, Mao Wei, Deng Huitian, Huang Xiaofeng, Jiang Yuyan
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Gelsemium elegans Benth, commonly known as "duan chang cao", is a highly toxic plant belonging to the family Gelsemiaceae. It is distributed in southern China with its potent toxicity poses a persistent threat to public health.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to comprehensively characterize the epidemiology and clinical features of Gelsemium poisoning in Guangxi, Southern China, based on surveillance data, in order to provide an evidence-based foundation for timely and effective prevention and control measures.
METHODS: A secondary analysis was conducted on 10 years of Gelsemium poisoning surveillance data (2015-2024) from Guangxi. Descriptive statistics were applied to summarize epidemiological patterns and clinical manifestations.
RESULT: From 2015 to 2024, Gelsemium poisoning in Guangxi showed a high but fluctuating mortality rate, peaking at 100% in 2015. The highest mortality risk (19.0%) occurred in individuals aged 20-59 years. Cases clustered geographically in Chongzuo, Yulin, Guigang, Qinzhou, and Laibin, with incidence peaking in autumn. Alcohol infusion was the leading cause of fatal poisoning (29.5%), mainly in household and rural banquet settings. Consumption of the rhizome resulted in the highest death rate (21.1%). Dizziness and blurred vision were common clinical symptoms. Significant differences in incidence, hospitalization, and mortality rates were observed based on location, season, cooking method, source part, and misidentification (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Enhancing surveillance, food safety regulations, and targeted health education plays a key role in preventing Gelsemium poisoning. Establishing strong monitoring and quick intervention systems may further reduce its impact.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to comprehensively characterize the epidemiology and clinical features of Gelsemium poisoning in Guangxi, Southern China, based on surveillance data, in order to provide an evidence-based foundation for timely and effective prevention and control measures.
METHODS: A secondary analysis was conducted on 10 years of Gelsemium poisoning surveillance data (2015-2024) from Guangxi. Descriptive statistics were applied to summarize epidemiological patterns and clinical manifestations.
RESULT: From 2015 to 2024, Gelsemium poisoning in Guangxi showed a high but fluctuating mortality rate, peaking at 100% in 2015. The highest mortality risk (19.0%) occurred in individuals aged 20-59 years. Cases clustered geographically in Chongzuo, Yulin, Guigang, Qinzhou, and Laibin, with incidence peaking in autumn. Alcohol infusion was the leading cause of fatal poisoning (29.5%), mainly in household and rural banquet settings. Consumption of the rhizome resulted in the highest death rate (21.1%). Dizziness and blurred vision were common clinical symptoms. Significant differences in incidence, hospitalization, and mortality rates were observed based on location, season, cooking method, source part, and misidentification (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Enhancing surveillance, food safety regulations, and targeted health education plays a key role in preventing Gelsemium poisoning. Establishing strong monitoring and quick intervention systems may further reduce its impact.