Public health · 2026
Mental health of U.S. return migrants to Mexico City.
СтатьяМногоцентровое исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Cepeda Alice, Frankeberger Jessica, Nowotny Kathryn, Ramirez Esmeralda, Rincon Guerra Nefertari, Dominguez Mario, Valdez Avelardo
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of migration-related factors on mental health among Mexican-origin return migrants who lived in the United States and returned to Mexico, either voluntarily or through deportation.
STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study.
METHODS: We used data from Tirando Muros, a mixed-methods multi-site study (2020-2023), including 275 return migrants in Mexico City recruited through ethnographic social mapping and respondent-driven sampling. Multivariable linear and logistic regression assessed the relationship of immigration history, social support, and social isolation on mental health (depressive symptoms, psychological distress, poor sleep).
RESULTS: Depressive symptoms and psychological distress were significantly associated with greater social isolation and having left a child behind in the U.S. Poor sleep was associated with immigrating as a minor, social isolation, and multiple return migrations. Social support was protective for all outcomes. Deportation, compared to voluntarily return, was not associated with any mental health outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Return migrants to Mexico face mental health risks, shaped more by social isolation and transnational family separation than by deportation alone. Findings underscore the need for culturally responsive, trauma-informed mental health services and social reintegration supports for returnees.
STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study.
METHODS: We used data from Tirando Muros, a mixed-methods multi-site study (2020-2023), including 275 return migrants in Mexico City recruited through ethnographic social mapping and respondent-driven sampling. Multivariable linear and logistic regression assessed the relationship of immigration history, social support, and social isolation on mental health (depressive symptoms, psychological distress, poor sleep).
RESULTS: Depressive symptoms and psychological distress were significantly associated with greater social isolation and having left a child behind in the U.S. Poor sleep was associated with immigrating as a minor, social isolation, and multiple return migrations. Social support was protective for all outcomes. Deportation, compared to voluntarily return, was not associated with any mental health outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Return migrants to Mexico face mental health risks, shaped more by social isolation and transnational family separation than by deportation alone. Findings underscore the need for culturally responsive, trauma-informed mental health services and social reintegration supports for returnees.