Frontiers in immunology · 2026
Comparative efficacy and safety of first-line treatments for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.
СтатьяNetwork Meta-AnalysisСравнительное исследованиеСистематический обзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Su Yun, Cai Tongze, Wei Jingxuan, Huang Qiuju, Yao Chun, Fu Lei, Zheng Jinghui, Guo Hongwei, Gui Xiongbin
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The therapeutic landscape of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has expanded beyond sorafenib, with multiple combination regimens now demonstrating improved outcomes. However, the absence of direct head-to-head comparisons complicates treatment selection in clinical practice.
METHODS: We performed a Bayesian network meta-analysis of phase III randomized controlled trials to compare the efficacy and safety of first-line treatments for patients with advanced HCC. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and grade ≥ 3 adverse events were assessed. Treatment rankings were estimated using surface under the cumulative ranking curve values.
RESULTS: Sixteen trials comprising 8, 753 patients were included. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC)-based regimens, particularly sorafenib plus HAIC and HAIC_FO, achieved the highest rankings for both PFS and OS. Several immunotherapy-based combinations also demonstrated significant survival benefits across multiple clinical subgroups without a corresponding increase in severe adverse events. Subgroup analyses suggested consistent benefits of selected regimens across age, sex, macrovascular invasion, extrahepatic spread, and ECOG performance status.
CONCLUSIONS: HAIC-based strategies and selected immunotherapy combinations appear to provide superior survival outcomes as first-line treatment for advanced HCC. Given limitations related to comparator selection and evolving evidence, future head-to-head randomized trials and updated network analyses are warranted to refine optimal treatment strategies.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD420251124082.
METHODS: We performed a Bayesian network meta-analysis of phase III randomized controlled trials to compare the efficacy and safety of first-line treatments for patients with advanced HCC. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and grade ≥ 3 adverse events were assessed. Treatment rankings were estimated using surface under the cumulative ranking curve values.
RESULTS: Sixteen trials comprising 8, 753 patients were included. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC)-based regimens, particularly sorafenib plus HAIC and HAIC_FO, achieved the highest rankings for both PFS and OS. Several immunotherapy-based combinations also demonstrated significant survival benefits across multiple clinical subgroups without a corresponding increase in severe adverse events. Subgroup analyses suggested consistent benefits of selected regimens across age, sex, macrovascular invasion, extrahepatic spread, and ECOG performance status.
CONCLUSIONS: HAIC-based strategies and selected immunotherapy combinations appear to provide superior survival outcomes as first-line treatment for advanced HCC. Given limitations related to comparator selection and evolving evidence, future head-to-head randomized trials and updated network analyses are warranted to refine optimal treatment strategies.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD420251124082.