Comparative effects of pre-donation hydration and applied muscle tension on vasovagal reactions in blood donors: Original article.

INTRODUCTION

Vasovagal reactions (VVRs), including dizziness and fainting, are common adverse events during blood donation and may affect donor safety and experience. This study evaluates the effectiveness of pre-donation hydration and applied muscle tension (AMT) as practical strategies to reduce VVRs in a tertiary care setting.

AIMS AND

OBJECTIVES

To determine the incidence, severity, and risk factors of VVRs among blood donors and to compare the effectiveness of pre-donation hydration and AMT in reducing these reactions.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

A prospective, non-randomized, observational comparative study was conducted from June 2022 to June 2025. A total of 70,860 healthy donors aged 18-65 years were included. Donors were grouped based on routine practice: Group A (non-hydration, n=40,419), Group B (hydration with 250mL water 15-20minutes before donation, n=28,581), and Group C (AMT, n=1,860). VVR severity was classified according to DGHS guidelines.

RESULTS

The overall VVR incidence was 2.1% (1,494/70,860). The hydration group showed the lowest incidence (1.1%), followed by AMT (1.6%) and non-hydration (2.8%) (P<0.001). Younger age and lower body weight were significantly associated with increased VVR risk. Preventive interventions were also associated with reduced severity of reactions.

CONCLUSION

Pre-donation hydration and AMT were associated with reduced incidence and severity of VVRs. These simple, low-cost interventions may enhance donor safety and immediate donation experience.