Evaluating the effectiveness of reduced-intensity conditioning regimens in acute myeloid leukemia patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Vietnam.

OBJECTIVE

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, leveraging cytotoxic conditioning regimens and graft-versus-leukemia effects. Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens extend this therapy to elderly patients and those with severe comorbidities, minimizing toxicity while maintaining efficacy. The study aims to determine the result of reduced-intensity conditioning regimens for acute myeloid leukemia patients at Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Vietnam.

METHODS

The retrospective observational study included 21 AML patients who underwent RIC from January 2021 to March 2024.

RESULTS

Median recovery times for neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were 16 and 26 days, respectively. Complications included mucositis (95.2%), febrile episodes (85.7%), CMV reactivation (83.3%), acute GVHD (23.8%), and chronic GVHD (14.3%). The 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 61.4% and 69.3%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Reduced-intensity conditioning regimens are a safe and effective treatment option for elderly AML patients with comorbidities.