Renal nutrition practices in Brazilian dialysis units and the influence of specialized training.

OBJECTIVE

Nutrition is a cornerstone of dialysis care, contributing to improved quality of life and reduced risk of complications. Given the complexity and evolving evidence base of renal nutrition, understanding current professional practices is essential. This study aimed to describe the clinical practices of dietitians working in dialysis units in Brazil and to assess whether additional training in renal nutrition is associated with differences in these practices.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study used a quantitative approach. Dietitians currently working in dialysis units across Brazil were invited to participate. Data were collected between through an online, self-administered questionnaire distributed via social media and professional messaging groups. The instrument assessed practices related to the management of metabolic disturbances, promotion of healthy eating, use of educational tools, and implementation of patient care strategies. Practices were compared between dietitians with and without additional training in renal nutrition.

RESULTS

A total of 232 dietitians working in 260 dialysis units completed the questionnaire, representing approximately 29% of registered dialysis centers in Brazil. Most respondents (73%) reported having additional training in renal nutrition. Compared with dietitians without additional training, those with training more frequently reported comprehensive management of serum phosphorus and potassium, greater integration within multidisciplinary teams, provision of individualized meal plans, and monitoring of more complex laboratory parameters.

CONCLUSIONS

Additional training in renal nutrition is associated with more comprehensive and evidence-based nutritional practices among dietitians working in dialysis units, highlighting the importance of professional qualification to optimize nutrition care in this setting.