Journal of ethnicity in substance abuse · 2026
Hookah use among a sample of adult Arab Americans and its health impact.
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Mahdi Batool Mutar, Almukhtar Mustafa
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Hookah smoking has increased in popularity, and acceptance in many countries in the world such as Arab American communities.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess the frequency of hookah smoking and to recognize the knowledge and cultural identity of Arab Americans.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional questionnaire based on a descriptive study was conducted among 100 Arab American population (convenience sampling when the link distributed via social media, and community centers) during January 2024 to May 2025.
RESULTS: A study included a total of 100 Arab American participants were included in this research. There was a significant difference regarding age (p ≤ 0.001), the majority were between 31 and 40 years old (54%), Males represented a higher proportion of the participants (67%) compared to females (33%) (p ≤ 0.001). Regarding smoking status, 36% were current smokers, 45% reported never smoking, and 19% were ex-smokers (p = 0.003). About 51% believed that hookah use was equally hazardous as cigars, whereas 49% believed it was less harmful (p = 0.777). Importantly, all participants (100%) agreed that hookah smoking affects multiple body systems, including the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and is associated with cancer and transmission of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 virus.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights adult dominance in hookah use, pervasive misconceptions, and cultural drivers among Arab American communities.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess the frequency of hookah smoking and to recognize the knowledge and cultural identity of Arab Americans.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional questionnaire based on a descriptive study was conducted among 100 Arab American population (convenience sampling when the link distributed via social media, and community centers) during January 2024 to May 2025.
RESULTS: A study included a total of 100 Arab American participants were included in this research. There was a significant difference regarding age (p ≤ 0.001), the majority were between 31 and 40 years old (54%), Males represented a higher proportion of the participants (67%) compared to females (33%) (p ≤ 0.001). Regarding smoking status, 36% were current smokers, 45% reported never smoking, and 19% were ex-smokers (p = 0.003). About 51% believed that hookah use was equally hazardous as cigars, whereas 49% believed it was less harmful (p = 0.777). Importantly, all participants (100%) agreed that hookah smoking affects multiple body systems, including the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and is associated with cancer and transmission of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 virus.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights adult dominance in hookah use, pervasive misconceptions, and cultural drivers among Arab American communities.