[Smallpox vaccinations in Navarre (Spain) between September and November 1801].

We communicate the discovery in the Archive of D. Gaspar Castellano de Gastón of a document providing evidence of the first inoculations with lymph vaccine in Errazu, a village in the Baztán Valley (Navarre). These were carried out on November 2nd 1801, by a doctor from San Juan Pie de Puerto (France), Dr. Iribarren Ayzin, from the arm of a French girl aged 18, personally brought by him at the request of D. Josef Juaquin Gastón, Mayor of the Baztán Valley. The new finding serves as homage, 200 hundred years later, to the first Public Health expedition, carried out between 1803 and 1806, which travelled around the world in order to spread the vaccine amongst all the races and areas of the known world. The expedition was led by D. Francisco Xavier Balmis, a doctor from Alicante.