Voprosy virusologii · 2025
[Epidemic season 2023-2024: the palette of ARVI pathogens in some territories of the Russian Federation and WHO regions].
Аннотация на английскомСтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Оригинал на русском
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Burtseva E I, Breslav N V, Mukasheva E A, Krasnoslobodtsev K G, Kirillova E S, Trushakova S V, Komarova I A, Feodoritova E L, Panova A D, Kisteneva L B, Khlopova I N, Kruzhkova I S, Krepkaia A S, Morozova E O, Ignatieva A V, Komissarov A B, Tyurin I N, Samkov A A, Antipjat N A
Аннотация
UNLABELLED: The purpose of this work was to determine the characteristics of the circulation of acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) pathogens during the epidemic season of 2023-2024 in the WHO regions and Russian Federation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article uses virological, immunological, and statistical methods, analytical material from the WHO website, to assess the circulation of ARVI pathogens in the Russian Federation and WHO regions.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The detection rate of positive samples in clinical materials was as follows: influenza viruses - 7.7%, ARVI - 17.1% and SARS-CoV-2 - 6.5%. According to antigenic and molecular genetic properties, the population of the dominant subtype of the influenza A(H3N2) virus was heterogeneous and differed from the vaccine strain. The favorable sensitivity profile of epidemic strains to drugs with antineuraminidase activity (oseltamivir and zanamivir) and cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor (baloxavir marboxil) was preserved. There was a tendency to increase the activity of respiratory pathogens such as HPIV, HAdV, HRsV, HRV, HCoV and HMPV. WHO experts have developed recommendations on the composition of influenza vaccines for the countries of the Northern and the Southern hemispheres with the replacement of the component of the influenza A(H3N2) virus: A/Darwin/9/2021 with A/Thailand/8/2022 and А/Croatia/13601RV/2023 accordingly. Cases of human infection with avian and swine influenza viruses continue to be registered.
CONCLUSION: Against the background of a relatively low circulation of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in the 2023-2024 season, epidemic activity of influenza viruses was recorded in the countries of the Northern hemisphere at the traditional time. Globally, its onset was associated with the influenza A(H3N2) virus, followed by an increase in the activity of the influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus and influenza B. As in previous seasons, differences in the proportion of influenza viruses in WHO regions, including cities of the Russian Federation, were traced.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article uses virological, immunological, and statistical methods, analytical material from the WHO website, to assess the circulation of ARVI pathogens in the Russian Federation and WHO regions.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The detection rate of positive samples in clinical materials was as follows: influenza viruses - 7.7%, ARVI - 17.1% and SARS-CoV-2 - 6.5%. According to antigenic and molecular genetic properties, the population of the dominant subtype of the influenza A(H3N2) virus was heterogeneous and differed from the vaccine strain. The favorable sensitivity profile of epidemic strains to drugs with antineuraminidase activity (oseltamivir and zanamivir) and cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor (baloxavir marboxil) was preserved. There was a tendency to increase the activity of respiratory pathogens such as HPIV, HAdV, HRsV, HRV, HCoV and HMPV. WHO experts have developed recommendations on the composition of influenza vaccines for the countries of the Northern and the Southern hemispheres with the replacement of the component of the influenza A(H3N2) virus: A/Darwin/9/2021 with A/Thailand/8/2022 and А/Croatia/13601RV/2023 accordingly. Cases of human infection with avian and swine influenza viruses continue to be registered.
CONCLUSION: Against the background of a relatively low circulation of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in the 2023-2024 season, epidemic activity of influenza viruses was recorded in the countries of the Northern hemisphere at the traditional time. Globally, its onset was associated with the influenza A(H3N2) virus, followed by an increase in the activity of the influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus and influenza B. As in previous seasons, differences in the proportion of influenza viruses in WHO regions, including cities of the Russian Federation, were traced.