Fourteen-year-old girl with recurrent luteal-phase-dependent episodes of high fever.

Recurrent episodes of high fever during the luteal phase are exceedingly rare. A 14-year-old girl with a 1-year history of recurrent febrile episodes associated with the menstrual cycle was referred to our department. Febrile episode (39-41°C) occurred for 10 to 12 days concomitantly with the luteal phase of each ovulatory cycle. To suppress the ovulatory cycle, gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist was administered for 5 months, and then febrile attack disappeared (34.5-36.2°C). Before and during gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist therapy, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were unchanged and all of these were within the normal ranges. In our case, luteal-phase-dependent febrile episodes may not be attributable to the intervention of inflammatory cytokines as major fever mediators.